Signal integrity basics

HIIE provides deterministic PCB design tools based on IPC standards.

Trace Width Calculator

Implements IPC-2221/IPC-2152 for calculating minimum trace width given:

• Target current (amps)
• Copper weight (oz/ft²)
• Temperature rise (°C)
• Layer position (external/internal)

Impedance Calculator

Computes characteristic impedance for microstrip and stripline geometries using IPC-2141/Wadell approximations.

Electrical Validation

Checks component compatibility:

• Voltage range overlap
• Interface protocol matching
• Power budget analysis
• GPIO pin counting